Glossary: General
ASIC
Application Specific Integrated Circuit. A circuit designed for
a specific application, as opposed to a general purpose circuit,
such as a microprocessor. Using ASICs as components in electronic
devices can improve performance, reduce power consumption, increase
safety and reduce costs.
Bluetooth
Bluetooth is an open standard for wireless transmission
of voice and data between mobile devices (PCs, handheld computers,
telephone and printers.)
Broadband
High-speed transmission. The term is used to define the speed of
communication lines or services and most commonly refers to T1
(1.544 Mbit/s) rates or better, even though the actual rate may be
much lower or higher, depending on the application.
CD-ROM
Compact Disc - Read Only Memory. An optimal disc that is used to
store text, graphics and audio data for computer applications. The
contents may not be changed or rewritten.
Cookie
A cookie is a piece of text that a web site can store on
your computer to enable it to recognize you when you return
to the site.
DSP
Digital Signal Processor. This is a circuit that is specially
designed for digital signals in processor-intensive applications,
such as wireless communications links and image processing. DSP
circuits are often used in consumer products, such as mobile phones,
faxes and digital TVs.
DVD
Digital Versatile Disc. An optic disc with the same physical
size as a CD but with significantly greater storage capacity.
Ethernet
The most common standard for network communication in LANs
(Local Area Networks).
HiperLAN/2
A standard for high-speed wireless LANs that supports data rates
up to 54 Mbit/s. This system is similar to 802.11a and uses the same
5 GHz frequency band.
IEEE 802.11
A family of standards for wireless LANs. The 802.11 standard
supports 1 or 2 Mbit/s transmission on the 2.4 GHz band. IEEE
802.11b specifies an 11 Mbit/s data rate on the 2.4 GHz band, while
802.11a allows up to 54 Mbit/s on the 5 GHz band.
IP
Internet Protocol. A network and transport protocol used for
exchanging data over the Internet. See also TCP/IP.
LAN
Local Area Network. A communication network that serves users
within a limited geographic area. The most common type of LAN is
Ethernet.
Linux
Linux is an open source operating system within the Unix family.
Because of its robustness and availability, Linux has won popularity
in the open source community and among commercial application
developers.
Mbits/s
Megabits per second = one million data bits, zeroes and ones,
per second. This is a measure of how quickly data is transmitted
over a communication link.
MFP
Multi-Function Peripheral. Hardware that combines several
functions in a single unit, such as a combined fax, copier, printer
and scanner.
Network connectivity
The physical (wired or wireless) and logical (protocol)
connection of a computer network or an individual device to a
network, such as the Internet or a LAN.
OEM
Original Equipment Manufacturer. This is a designation for companies that manufacture
equipment that is then marketed and sold off to other companies under their own names.
PDA
Personal Digital Assistant. A handheld computer that provides a calendar and organizer
for personal information. A PDA normally contains at least one database with names and
addresses, to-do lists and a notepad.
Print server
A thin server that connects a printer to a network and allows users to share the printer. It
may be a separate unit or a plug-in card in the printer.
Protocol
A set of formalized rules that describe how data is transmitted over a network. Low-level
protocols define the electrical and physical standard, while high-level protocols deal with
formatting of data. TCP and IP are examples
of high-level LAN protocols.
RSS
Really Simple Syndication. An XML-based file format for
distributing web content as RSS feeds.
Server
A computer or software application that provides services to other computers connected
via a network. The most common example is a file server that has a local disk and handles
requests from clients to read and write files on
this disk.
System on a chip (SOC)
An ASIC that is specially developed to meet the requirements of a given application in
which the objective is to integrate most functionality on a single chip, thereby realizing
benefits in terms of price, performance and
reliability. Examples of functions that are often integrated in an SOC are
microprocessors, memory and interfaces.
TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol over Internet Protocol. The TCP/IP protocol defines how
data can be transmitted in a secure manner between networks. TCP/IP is the most widely
used communications standard and is the basis for the Internet.
Thin server
A network-based device that is designed to perform a specialized set of server functions,
such as a print server or NAS (Network Attached Storage). A thin server offloads
general-purpose application servers and makes using the network more efficient by
providing functionality that is easier to install and more reliable than a conventional server.
USB
(Universal Serial Bus) A plug-and-play interface between a
computer and peripheral devices (scanners, printers etc)
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